പ്രോട്ടീൻ, ഫാറ്റ്, മിനറൽസ്, ജലം തുടങ്ങിയ പോഷക ഘടകങ്ങളും വിറ്റാമിനുകളുടെ രാസനാമങ്ങളുമാണ് ഇന്നത്തെ പാഠത്തിൽ ഉൾപ്പെടുത്തിയിരിക്കുന്നത്.
- Proteins are made up of
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen
- Functions of proteins are
Building up of body, growth and repair
- Nutrients known as bodybuilders
Protein
- During starvation, which nutrient serve as source of energy
Protein
- Basic building units of Proteins
Amino acids
- Highest percentage of Protein (72%) is present in
Soyabean
- Digestion of Carbohydrate begins in
Mouth
- Digestion of Protein begins in
Stomach
- Deficiency of protein in children causes
Marasmus and Kwashiorkor
- Nutrient which turns yellow with Nitric acid
Protein
- Simple unit of fat is
Triglyceride
- Simple unit of Carbohydrate is
Glucose
- Function of fat is
Serves as stored food for production of energy
- Energy sources in human body
Fats and Carbohydrates
- Main sources of fats are
Groundnuts, almonds, ghee, butter etc
- Energy provided by one gram of Carbohydrate is
4 Calorie
- Energy provided by one gram of Protein is
4.1 Calorie
- Energy provided by one gram of Fat is
9.3 Calorie
- Inorganic substances required by body in small quantities
Minerals
- Minerals required for the production of haemoglobin
Iron
- Minerals required for the production of Insulin
Zinc
- Min daily requirement of Iron for an adult
10 mg
- Deficiency of Calcium causes
Tetany (Muscles), Osteoporosis (Bones), Stunted growth
- Minerals required in large amount (Macro minerals)
Sodium, Chlorine, Potassium, Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium and Sulphur
- Minerals required by the body in traces are (Micro minerals)
Iron, Zinc, Iodine, Selenium, Copper, Manganese etc
- Percentage of water in human body
65%
- Quantity of water in body of a healthy person
35-40 Liter
- Water content of Plasma
92%
- Quantity of Plasma in blood
55%
- Deficiency of Iron in human body causes
Anemia
- Deficiency of Sodium in human body causes
Improper muscle contraction
- Deficiency of Iodine in human body causes
Goiter, Cretinism, Myxodema
- Deficiency of Zinc in human body causes
Reduced respiration
- Chemical name of Vitamin A
Retinol
- Chemical name of Vitamin B1
Thiamin
- Chemical name of Vitamin B2
Riboflavin
- Chemical name of Vitamin B3
Niacin (Nicotinic Acid)
- Chemical name of Vitamin B5
Pantothenic acid
- Chemical name of Vitamin B6
Pyridoxine
- Chemical name of Vitamin B7
Biotin
- Chemical name of Vitamin B9
Folic acid
- Chemical name of Vitamin B12
Cobalamin
- Chemical name of Vitamin C
Ascorbic acid
- Chemical name of Vitamin D
Calciferol
- Chemical name of Vitamin E
Tocopherol
- Chemical name of Vitamin K
Phylloquinone
(To be Continued…)